Equatorial Guinea
About Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea , formally the Republic of Equatorial Guinea , is one of the smallest states in Africa . The country lies partly on the mainland and partly on five inhabited islands. Equatorial Guinea is bordered by Cameroon and Gabon as well as the Bay of Biafras in the Atlantic . Historic names of the country have been Rio Muni and Spanish Guinea (1926-1968).
The largest island, Bioko , was long Portuguese , and it was known for hundreds of years under the name of Fernando Pó and as a hub for trafficking in enslaved people. The Spaniards took over power in 1778. In 1827, Fernando Pó was taken over by the British , who used the island as a base for stopping slave trade in the Benin Gulf ; However, the island became Spanish again in the middle of the 19th century.
After the emancipation from Spain in 1968, Equatorial Guinea fell into the hands of Francisco Macías Nguema . He was a member of mongomoklanen the Bantu Fang , and during 11 years he carried a bloody dictatorship until he was overthrown and executed. His successor, nephew Teodoro Obiang Nguema , continued to rule in the same style. Observers described the election in 1996 and 2002 as a political father. Freedom House ranked 2009 the political rights in Equatorial Guinea as “7” (where 1 represents the most free and seven least free), civil liberties as “7” and gave it the freedom notion “Not Free”.
The country’s largest export products are wood, cocoa and coffee . Over the years immediately before independence, the cocoa plantation at Bioko and the mainland contributed to Equatorial Guinea having the highest income per GDP (PPP) per capita in Western Africa. However, at the end of the Maci regime, the country was in political and economic ruin, and about 100,000 residents had fled to neighboring countries. Most people who have stayed in the country today are self-supporting farmers who grow jams , cassava and bananas .
In 2011, the Equatorial Guinea government announced that it plans to build a new capital called Oyala . Equatorial Guinea arranged the African Football Championship 2012 with Gabon .